Diagnosis and Treatment of Diseases at Pentagram
On this page, you will find useful and well-structured information about various diseases, symptoms, conditions, and modern methods of diagnosis and treatment at Pentagram Clinic in Sofia. The content covers medical specialties such as ophthalmology, cardiology, endocrinology, neurology, and obstetrics and gynecology, with the aim of helping patients more easily understand the causes, manifestations, and treatment options for the most common health problems.
Browse diseases by specialty or use the search function to find information about specific symptoms and conditions, as well as when it is advisable to seek consultation with a specialist from the Pentagram team.
Addison’s Disease
Addison's disease is a rare endocrine disorder in which the adrenal glands do not produce enough cortisol and aldosterone, leading to chronic fatigue, low blood pressure, and characteristic darkening of the skin. The condition requires lifelong hormone replacement therapy, which allows patients to lead a full life with strict adherence to treatment and regular monitoring by an endocrinologist.
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Alzheimer’s Disease
Alzheimer's disease is a progressive brain disorder in which the accumulation of specific proteins (amyloid plaques and tau tangles) leads to irreversible neuron loss. The condition begins with mild memory impairments but inevitably progresses to a complete loss of cognitive and physical functions. Although current treatments cannot halt the process, early diagnosis and medication support help better manage symptoms and improve the quality of life for the patient and their loved ones.
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Arrhythmia
Arrhythmia is a condition in which the heart's electrophysiological system does not function properly, causing a pulse that is too fast, too slow, or irregular. While many forms are benign, others require serious treatment — from medication and anticoagulants to procedures like ablation or pacemaker implantation — to prevent complications such as heart failure or stroke.
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Astigmatism
Astigmatism is a refractive anomaly caused by an irregular, elliptical shape of the cornea or lens, which scatters light into multiple points instead of a single focus on the retina. This condition leads to blurred and distorted vision.
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Cataract (clouding of the lens)
Cataract is an age-related clouding of the eye lens that causes progressively worsening vision and can only be effectively treated through surgical replacement with an artificial lens. The operation is quick, painless, and minimally invasive, allowing patients to recover almost immediately and significantly improve their quality of life.
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Cellophane Maculopathy
Cellophane maculopathy is a condition in which a thin membrane forms on the macula, which over time contracts and causes distortion or blurring of central vision. It is diagnosed with a precise OCT scanner and is treated surgically via vitrectomy, during which the membrane is carefully removed to restore the normal shape of the retina.
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